The management of gynecologic cancer has evolved tremendously in recent years. This book will focus on individualized treatment strategies for different gynecologic malignancies and will represent a review of interesting and clinically important advances in tumor biology and the treatment of ovarian cancer. Major aspects of scientific progress in the treatment of ovarian cancer, new knowledge due to advances in the understanding of tumor biology, and innovative new medical treatment options will be covered. An interesting collection of innovative aspects in the treatment of ovarian cancer and opinions from specialists who are relevant to this field will be brought together in this book. The surgical management of patients with early-stage cervical cancer has evolved in the course of the last two decades. There is a definite trend toward less radical procedures, particularly on less radical fertility-preserving surgery to improve fertility/obstetrical outcomes. This book will focus on multimodal treatment of cervical cancer with special aspects of surgical treatment. Data and evidence will be presented from the literature to support surgical de-escalation in women with early-stage cervical cancer who wish to preserve fertility (radical vs simple trachelectomy) and for women who do not wish to preserve fertility (radical vs simple hysterectomy). The option of neoadjuvant chemotherapy to reduce the size of the cervical cancer followed by radical surgery will be discussed. Current recommendations for patients with early cervical cancer include open radical hysterectomy with either pelvic lymphadenectomy or sentinel lymph node mapping. More recently, the ConCerv trial has demonstrated that in patients with low-risk criteria, the option of conisation or simple hysterectomy with lymph node assessment is safe and feasible. The LACC Trial was a prospective randomized trial comparing open versus minimally invasive radical hysterectomy in patients with early cervical cancer. The data demonstrated that minimally invasive surgery was associated with worse disease-free, progression-free, and overall survival compared to open surgery. In addition, this study showed four times higher rates of recurrence in the minimally invasive approach. Currently, the NCCN, ESGO, ESMO, FIGO, and NICE guidelines support the use of open radical hysterectomy in the management of patients with early cervical cancer. A minimally invasive approach is only recommended in the setting of clinical trials. In terms of vulvar cancer new aspects in tumor biology and novel agents in studies as treatment of vulvar cancer will be presented about antiangiogenic and immuno-oncologic treatment. The surgical management of vulvar cancer, especially flap options for local surgical treatment and preserving anatomy, the indications, and their limits will be presented. The sentinel lymph node concept will be discussed, as well as the indications of radiotherapy. The most evolving understanding of tumor biology with consequences for treatment options will be highlighted in endometrial cancer, especially new aspects of tumor biology in endometrial cancer and their consequences both for the local treatment after surgery and radiotherapy and for systemic and targeted treatment. The actual discussion of sentinel lymph node biopsy combined with laparoscopic and robotic surgery will be presented covering the current state of the art in each of these topics and important insights into the multimodal treatment of endometrial cancer.