Open access peer-reviewed Edited Volume
Open access chapters
By Ayesha Ijaz, Lei Zhang, Pei Xiao and Rahim Tafazolli
By Evren Çatak and Lütfiye Durak‐Ata
By Haijian Zhang, Hengwei Lv and Pandong Li
By Syed Saqlain Ali, Daniel Castanheira, Adão Silva and Atílio Gameiro
By Wei Feng, Ning Ge and Jianhua Lu
By Md. Hashem Ali Khan and Moon Ho Lee
By Md Sipon Miah, Md Mahbubur Rahman and Heejung Yu
By Saheed A. Adegbite and Brian G. Stewart
42,480 Total Chapter Downloads
8,884 Total Chapter Views
92 Crossref Citations
59 Web of Science Citations
124 Dimensions Citations
4 Altmetric Score
Order a print copy of this book
Hardcover | Printed Full Colour
Available on
Delivered by
£119 (ex. VAT)*
Hardcover | Printed Full Colour
IntechOpen Author/Editor? Get your DiscountFREE SHIPPING WORLDWIDE
Order & Delivery info* Residents of European Union countries need to add a Book Value-Added Tax Rate based on their country of residence. Institutions and companies, registered as VAT taxable entities in their own EU member state, will not pay VAT by providing IntechOpen with their VAT registration number. This is made possible by the EU reverse charge method.
Instructor? Request an Exam Copy