Chapters authored
Role of Phosphorus in the Photosynthetic Dark Phase Biochemical Pathways
Phosphorus (P) is an essential mineral nutrient for plant growth and development, second only to nitrogen in abundance. It is frequently limited in soil, requiring the application of P-fertilizers to improve plant productivity. One critical function of P in plants is its role in the dark phase of photosynthesis, where it functions in energy storage and transfer, carbon fixation, regulation of the dark phase, and nucleotide and coenzyme biosynthesis. P is a foundational component of important molecules like ATP and essential coenzymes, which are crucial for efficient carbon fixation and energy conversion during the Calvin cycle. Sustainable P-management strategies and improved agricultural practices are necessary to optimize plant growth and ensure sustainable agricultural production in the face of P-limitations.
Part of the book: Phosphorus in Soils and Plants
Burden of Enterobiasis in Africa: Overcoming Neglect and Improving Pediatric Health
Enterobiasis is a globally prevalent, difficult-to-control, but yet neglected intestinal helminthiasis, with approximately 45% of the African pediatric population affected. Its asymptomatic nature in most cases leads to underestimation of its impact. However, its impact on pediatric health is significant, compromising their physical and mental well-being ultimately hampering educational development. The prevalence of enterobiasis among (pre)school-aged children in Africa may be higher than reported, but this depends on prioritizing and harnessing the scotch tape technique in epidemiological studies and routine parasitological examinations due to its high diagnostic efficiency. Mebendazole (100 mg orally) is the recommended first-line treatment, and administering a second dose after 14 days is crucial to prevent reinfection. The scarcity of treatment data for enterobiasis in Africa can be attributed to various factors, including underreporting of cases, limited healthcare infrastructure, and inadequate research focus on this specific parasitic infection. Overcoming the neglect of enterobiasis requires the implementation of educational and mass treatment programs, improving diagnostic capabilities, and prioritizing research and public health initiatives. Additionally, improving hygiene practices and sanitation is essential. By addressing these challenges and introducing comprehensive interventions, the neglect of enterobiasis can be overcome, leading to improved overall African pediatric well-being.
Part of the book: Intestinal Parasites - New Developments in Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention and Future Directions [Working title]