Nadezhda S Astanina

By Irina A. Rakityanskaya, Tat’jana S. Ryabova, Anastasija A. Kalashnikova, Goar S. Balasaniants, Andrej D. Kaprin, Feliks I. Ershov, Vera V. Kir’janova, Tat’jana B. Korzhenevskaja, Denis V. Barbinov, Andrej V. Ignatovskij, Ljudmila Y. Grivtsova, Valentina G. Isaeva, Natal’ja A. Falaleeva, Alisa I. Gil’, Svetlana A. Berns, Natal’ja V. Vasil’eva, Julija V. Dolgo-Saburova, Elena V. Shagdileeva, Ekaterina V. Frolova and Nadezhda S. Astanina

Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) is one of the key factors of both innate and adaptive immune response that promotes differentiation of naive CD4+ cells into effector Th1 T cells producing the main mediators of cellular immunity against viral and intracellular bacterial infections, and specific cytotoxic immunity through the interaction of T cells with antigen-presenting cells and macrophage activation. The clinical importance of IFN-γ includes its medical use to treat and prevent various viral and bacterial infections. IFN-γ has a direct antiviral effect on infected cells, activates local infiltrating dendritic cells, macrophages and NK cells, modulates the differentiation and maturation of T and B cells, and enhances inflammation and antiviral functions. Immunoregulatory effect of IFN-γ plays one of the essential roles in the regulation of adaptive immune response in patients with tuberculosis infection and cancer. Producing IFN-γ by T cells increases the efficiency of infiltrated phagocytic cells, by stimulating NO and maintaining local host defense during tuberculosis infection. The direct antitumor effect of IFN-γ revealed in several experimental models has numerous mechanisms for the effect of development. IFN-γ has crucial potential for enhancing any antiviral, antimycobacterial, and specific antitumor therapies.

Part of the book: Basic and Clinical Aspects of Interferon Gamma