Chapters authored
Adsorbed Natural Gas Storage for Vehicular Applications
The use of adsorbed natural gas (ANG) as a transportation fuel is a relatively cleaner alternative compared to that of gasoline and is important from the perspective of environmental safety. However, unlike gasoline and diesel, natural gas requires compression, liquefaction, and adsorption techniques for its storage, as it has a very low volumetric energy density. Among all storage techniques, adsorption-based natural gas (ANG) storage is considered as more economical and relatively safe technology due to its mild temperature and pressure conditions for the storage. This chapter will summarize the recent advances in the area of ANG with reference to various synthetic storage materials recently developed for the purpose and their efficiency towards storage and deliverability of natural gas. Particular emphasis will be given to adsorbents based on porous carbon materials, metal organic frameworks, and covalent organic frameworks for the said application. The synthetic procedure for the above adsorbents, followed by their efficiency to store and deliver natural gas, will be discussed. Finally, in the conclusion, the future scope of the technology will be summarized.
Part of the book: Natural Gas
Role of Natural Gas in India: Recent Developments and Future Perspectives
India strives for increasing the share of natural gas to 15% by 2030 from 6.5% at present. This chapter highlights recent developments to achieve the targets set by the government. Further, we discuss regulatory and policy interventions to facilitate the growth of the natural gas market in the country. We analyze the opportunities and challenges to the smooth transition of the green economy with the greater role of natural gas. We present the infrastructure developments, including liquefied natural gas (LNG) importing terminals, cross-country natural gas pipelines network, LNG tankers, refueling stations, and city gas distribution (CGD) network. Finally, we present a futuristic perspective of natural gas in the energy transition. We conclude that India being a natural gas deficient country, import dependency would continue to grow. However, this would not deter the growth of natural gas in the economy. Proactive measures by the government and its agencies will boost investment to create the desired infrastructure for achieving higher natural gas penetration in India.
Part of the book: Natural Gas
Production of Hydrogen via Water Splitting Using Photocatalytic and Photoelectrocatalytic Route
Hydrogen has been intensively explored recently as an energy carrier to meet the growing demand for green energy across the globe. One of the most difficult and significant subjects in hydrogen energy technology is efficiently creating hydrogen from water by utilizing renewable resources such as solar light. Solar-based hydrogen production comprises several routes, namely, photocatalytic, photoelectrocatalytic, and photobiological decomposition. An efficient photocatalyst is desired to accomplish the above objective by utilizing the first two routes with a minimal rate of recombination of photo-generated charge carriers. In this chapter, strategies for preventing recombination of charge carriers in photocatalysts and the development of photocatalysts have been focused on, and its utilization in the procedure for the production of hydrogen via photocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic processes is described.
Part of the book: Clean Energy Technologies