Chapters authored
Use of Waste Foundry Sand (WFS) as Filler in Hot-Mixed Asphalt Concrete
The environmental issue has become a topic of relevant discussion in modern society, given the current awareness that construction inputs are finite, and a large amount of waste can be reused as a building material in engineering works. The products used in foundry industry can be non ferrous and ferrous and the residue produced by this last one is not potentially hazardous to human health. The waste foundry sand (WFS) fits this reuse and can be employed in asphalt mixtures, in partial or complete replacement of the conventional filler, i.e. Portland cement (PC). In this sense, this work analyses five asphalt mixtures, one using 100% CP (reference mixture) as filler, and the other four using WFS in proportions of 25-100%, every 25% of the total amount, in 5% (in mass) of the maximum replacement. The mixtures were physically and mechanically characterised according to the Marshall methodology and subsequently submitted to the tests of static indirect tensile strength (static ITS), resilient modulus (RM), repeated-load indirect fatigue (fatigue life) and unconfined static creep. The results of the tests showed that all mixtures with WFS residue presented physical and mechanical parameters within Brazilian standards following the Marshall methodology.
Part of the book: Sandy Materials in Civil Engineering
Challenges in the Construction of Highways in the Brazilian Amazonia Environment: Part II – Engineering Solutions
The Chapter “Challenges in the construction of highways in the Brazilian Amazonia environment: Part I: Identification of Engineering Problems” dealt with the identification of Engineering problems concerning the implementation of road infrastructure in the Brazilian Amazon. This present chapter deals with Engineering solutions to overcome the obstacles mentioned in that previously chapter, focusing on alternatives that contemplate the use of the synthetic coarse aggregate of calcined clay (SCACC), recycled materials from ceramic waste, soil–emulsion mixes, and chemical additives, in partial or total replacement of coarse and fine natural aggregates, in addition to the use of piled embankments, for the reinforcement of the natural subgrade in the presence of a very thick, soft soil layer in the foundation of the highway.
Part of the book: Applied Methods in Design and Construction of Bridges, Highways and Roads
Challenges in the Construction of Highways in the Brazilian Amazonia Environment: Part I – Identification of Engineering Problems
The construction of highways in the Brazilian Amazonia Region is always problematic, mainly because it involves environmental obstacles but also technical, economic, and natural challenges. The environmental issues concern the deforestation of the virgin forest and the resulting environmental impacts. The technical ones are related to the natural subgrade, formed by the geologically young alluvial soils that are plastic, being highly compressible or expansive, present in the vast Amazon Basin, whereas the economic issues refer to the final costs of inputs for the construction of the layers of the highway since granular soils and stony materials are located in limited areas that are distant from the work sites, given the geographic immensity of the Brazilian Amazonia. There is also the cost of purging low-bearing capacity soil from the natural subgrade of the highway. Added to all this are the issues of nature, which involve high annual rainfall and the hydrological regime of river flooding and ebbing, which induce the saturation of the pavement layers and the loss of the global geotechnical stability of the compacted earth embankment, respectively. This work points out the Engineering difficulties to be faced in road infrastructure works in the Brazilian Amazon.
Part of the book: Applied Methods in Design and Construction of Bridges, Highways and Roads