One of the most important events in the posthematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the immune system reconstitution—a process characterized by a considerable dynamic. During this period, patients are exposed to different life threatening complications. In this chapter, we consider chimerism levels in relation to the conditioning regimens and disease type. Furthermore, the predictive role of chimerism analysis as an important method in monitoring the early diagnosis of graft versus host disease (GVHD), minimal residual disease (MRD), graft failure or rejection, and disease relapse has been discussed.
Part of the book: Stem Cells in Clinical Practice and Tissue Engineering